Valiantsina V. Marsheuskaya

Associate Professor, PhD in Philology, Associate Professor of the Department of Belarusian Philology

Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno

(Grodno, Belarus)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22405/2712-8407-2023-2-115-127

Abstract. The article deals with the semantic properties of monosemantic verbal phraseological units of the Belarusian language, that correlate with various models of simple and complex phrases and represent emotions, mental properties of personality, as well as behavior associated with character traits, emotional state, and mood. Emotive verbal phraseological units of the Belarusian language in their definitions contain various kinds of indications of emotion (phraseological units of primary mediated emotionality). Semantic groups and subgroups of verbal phraseological units of the Belarusian language representing the mental properties of personality (character traits) and behavior are most widely represented. The analysis of the semantic structure of monosemantic verbal phraseological units has shown that Belarusians have a positive attitude to such character traits as endurance, tolerance, patience, honesty, shrewdness; they negatively treat such character traits of individual representatives of the Belarusian ethnos as cowardice, indifference, apathy, inertness, passivity. Character traits which do not correspond to the moral qualities of a person (deceitfulness, insincerity, individualism) are sharply disapproved. It has been established that the subject (left compatibility) of verbal phraseological expressions with the meaning of behavior is a person (human) or a grammatically inanimate noun that contains the semantic structure of the "animate" sema and serves to denote a group of persons. Another living being (non-human) may also act as the subject; this feature helps to distinguish verbal phraseological units with the meaning of behavior and verbal phraseological units with the meaning of activity, the subject of which is exclusively a person. The connotative element of the verbal phraseological structure with the meaning of behavior is especially evident in contexts – advice, instructions, denials, direct criticism of vicious behavior – in such cases the phraseological units are used in their infinitive form in combination with the words nuzhno ‘should’, nelzya ‘cannot/mustn’t’ in impersonal sentences.
Keywords: phraseology, the Belarusian language, verbal phraseological units, conceptual category of state, representation of emotions, mental properties of personality, behaviour.

Full text of the article (PDF)

For citation: Marsheuskaya, VV 2023, ‘Features of the Semantic Structure of Verbal Phraseological Units of the Belarusian Language with the Meaning of the State’, Tula Scientific Bulletin. History. Linguistics, issue 2 (14), pp. 115–127, http://doi.org/ 10.22405/2712-8407-2023-2-115-127 (in Russ.)

References

1. Danich, OV 1998, Lingvisticheskiy aspekt kul'turno-natsional'noy spetsifiki povedeniya (na materiale russkoy i belorusskoy frazeologii) (Linguistic aspect of cultural and national specifics of behavior (based on the material of Russian and Belarusian phraseology)), PhD thesis, Minsk. (In Russ.)
2. Dzyadova, AS 2013, Chalavek u lyusterku belaruskay frazealogіі і paremіyalogіі (A man in the mirror of Belarusian phraseology and paremiology), VDU publ,Vitebsk. (In Belarus.)
3. Il'in, EP 2005, Psikhofiziologiya sostoyaniy cheloveka (Psychophysiology of human conditions), Piter publ, St. Petersburg. (In Russ.)
4. Lepeshau, ІYa 2008, Sloynіk frazealahіzmay (Dictionary of phraseological units), vol. 1 – 2, Mіnsk. (In Belarus.)
5. Lepeshau, IYa 1998, Frazealohiya suchasniy belaruskay movy (Phraseology of the modern Belarusian language), Vysh. Shk. Publ, Minsk. (In Belarus.)
6. Liashchynskaya, VA & Shvedava, ZV 2020, Vobraz chalaveka u belaruskay frazealohіі (The image of a person in Belarusian phraseology), RIVSH publ, Minsk. (In Belarus.)
7. Marsheuskaya, VV 2021, ‘Sіntaksіchnae funktsyyanavanne dzeyaslounykh frazealahіzmau z netypovay strukturay’ (Syntactic functioning of verbal phraseological units with atypical structure). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Humanitarian Series, vol. 66, no. 4, pp. 443–449. (In Belarus.)
8. Marsheuskaya, VV 2019, Semantychnaya і hramatychnaya kharaktarystyka frazealahіzmau sa strukturay skaza (Semantic and grammatical characteristics of phraseological units with sentence structure), YurSaPrint publ, Hrodna. (In Belarus.)
9. Maslova, VA 2011, Natsional'nyy kharakter skvoz' prizmu yazyka (National character through the prism of language), VGU publ, Vitebsk. (In Russ.)
10. Obzhorin, AM 2012, Strukturnyye i semanticheskie svoystva protsessual'nykh frazeologizmov so znacheniyem psikhicheskogo sostoyaniya cheloveka v russkom i angliyskom yazykakh (Structural and semantic properties of procedural phraseological units with the meaning of a person's mental state in Russian and English), PhD thesis, CHGPU, Chelyabinsk. (In Russ.)
11. Oxenchuk, AE 1998, Obraz cheloveka v russkoy yazykovoy kartine mira (na materiale somaticheskoy frazeologii) (The image of a man in the Russian language picture of the world (based on the material of somatic phraseology)), PhD thesis, BGU, Minsk. (In Russ.)
12. Krylov, AA (ed.) 2005, Psikhologiya (Psychology), Prospekt publ., Moscow. (In Russ.)
13. Reverchuk, IV 2016, Psikhofiziologiya i patopsikhologiya emotsiy i chuvstv (Psychophysiology and pathopsychology of emotions and feelings), IGMA publ, Izhevsk. (In Russ.)
14. Romanov, DA 2004, Yazykovaya reprezentatsiya emotsiy: urovni, funktsionirovanie i sistemy issledovaniy (Linguistic representation of emotions: levels, functioning and systems of research), doctoral thesis, Belg. gos. un-t., Belgorod. (In Russ.)
15. Atrakhovich, KK & Krapiva, K (ed.) 1979, Tlumachal'ny slounіk belaruskay movy (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language), vol. 1 – 5, Minsk. (in Belarus.)
16. Chalkova, EG 1999, Osnovy inoyazychnoy lichnostno-orientirovannoy frazeosemantiki (Fundamentals of foreign-language personality-oriented phraseosemantics), doctoral thesis, MGOU, Moscow. (In Russ.)
17. Chepasova, AM 2006, Semantiko-grammaticheskie klassy russkikh frazeologizmov (Semantic and grammatical classes of Russian phraseological units), CHGPU publ, Chelyabinsk. (In Russ.)
18. Chepurenko, AA 2003, Printsipy kvalifikacii frazeologizmov: Na materiale russkogo yazyka (Principles of qualification of phraseological units: On the material of the Russian language), PhD thesis, Orlov. gos. un-t., Orel. (In Russ.)
19. Yakovlev, AYu 2012, Semanticheskoye pole frazeologicheskikh i leksicheskikh yedinits, kharakterizuyushchikh nevroticheskoye povedeniye lichnosti (Semantic field of phraseological and lexical units characterizing neurotic personality behavior), PhD thesis, VU MO RF, Moscow. (In Russ.)